LON’s successes 14, Peace Keeping Role 1920’s 8 1. Disarmament – 1921 Washington Conference – USA, Britain, France, Japan, limit navy size 2. Successfully settled around 10 border disputes in the 20’s 3. 1921 Aaland Islands (Finland + Sweden) - originally belonged to Finland but the majority of ppl there wanted to be under Swedish rule. LON asked to make a decision, decided to keep the Islands under Finnish rule on the condition that the ppl there were treated fairly 4. 1921 Upper Silesia (Germany + Poland) – organized plebiscite 700 000 voted for Germany, 500 000 for Poland, solve dissatisfaction for the 500 000, partition the area, many Poles left in the German area and vice versa, Germans also didn’t like the fact that the Poles had the coal mine areas – didn’t solve dissatisfaction. 5. 1925 Greece invading Bulgaria – incident on border, Greek soldiers killed, moral condemnation, pay indemnity, major powers disapproved, obeyed, complained, different rules for large + small nations, decreased good will + co-operation (Corfu incident) 6. South America disputes 7. Around 4 refugee and protection of ethnic minorities settlements were made 8. 3 Financial crisis were settled (including Hungarian + Austrian financial reconstruction) Other successes: 5 1. Refugees – first few yrs, 400 000 returned home, 1922 refugee crisis in Turkey, League stopped cholera, small pox and dysentery in refugee camps 2. Working conditions – ILO, banned poisonous white lead in paint, limited hours of child labour, 48 hour week, members didn’t adopt – raise industrial costs (unemployment) 3. Health – defeated Leprosy disease, exterminate mosquito campaign – malaria + yellow fever, USSR took their advice, 1920 distributed vaccines against epidemics e.g. typhus, cholera, dysentery 4. Transport – marking shipping lanes, international highway code 5. Social/Slavery – Blacklisted 4 illegal drug companies – 200 000 slaves freed, organize raids against slave owners, reduced 50% death rate for forced labour building railway in Africa to 4%, records kept
Between 1920 and 1925, the organization helped diffuse a border dispute between Sweden and Finland, it helped prevent Austria from an economic collapse, also prevented the outbreak of a war in the Balkans, and had successfully begun the administration of the German Saar region. Despite these successes, however, the league had been forced to cope with some very serious handicaps that would ultimately lead it to it's demise. Seeking to preserve their national power, the organization's creators had deprived the league of any real ability to enforce decisions that were controversial and extraordinary. For example, when the league ruled that the city of Vilnius actually belonged to Lithuania, the Polish government simply refused to abide by the league's decision. Other more noticable violations soon followed, such as the French incursion into the Ruhr in 1923, but the league was powerless to punish France or compel a withdrawal. As a result, the league was a relatively weak organization from the outset, and its chances for success were made even worse when the United States had refused to participate as a full member in 1920.
LON’s successes 14,
ReplyDeletePeace Keeping Role 1920’s 8
1. Disarmament – 1921 Washington Conference – USA, Britain, France, Japan, limit navy size
2. Successfully settled around 10 border disputes in the 20’s
3. 1921 Aaland Islands (Finland + Sweden) - originally belonged to Finland but the majority of ppl there wanted to be under Swedish rule. LON asked to make a decision, decided to keep the Islands under Finnish rule on the condition that the ppl there were treated fairly
4. 1921 Upper Silesia (Germany + Poland) – organized plebiscite 700 000 voted for Germany, 500 000 for Poland, solve dissatisfaction for the 500 000, partition the area, many Poles left in the German area and vice versa, Germans also didn’t like the fact that the Poles had the coal mine areas – didn’t solve dissatisfaction.
5. 1925 Greece invading Bulgaria – incident on border, Greek soldiers killed, moral condemnation, pay indemnity, major powers disapproved, obeyed, complained, different rules for large + small nations, decreased good will + co-operation (Corfu incident)
6. South America disputes
7. Around 4 refugee and protection of ethnic minorities settlements were made
8. 3 Financial crisis were settled (including Hungarian + Austrian financial reconstruction)
Other successes: 5
1. Refugees – first few yrs, 400 000 returned home, 1922 refugee crisis in Turkey, League stopped cholera, small pox and dysentery in refugee camps
2. Working conditions – ILO, banned poisonous white lead in paint, limited hours of child labour, 48 hour week, members didn’t adopt – raise industrial costs (unemployment)
3. Health – defeated Leprosy disease, exterminate mosquito campaign – malaria + yellow fever, USSR took their advice, 1920 distributed vaccines against epidemics e.g. typhus, cholera, dysentery
4. Transport – marking shipping lanes, international highway code
5. Social/Slavery – Blacklisted 4 illegal drug companies – 200 000 slaves freed, organize raids against slave owners, reduced 50% death rate for forced labour building railway in Africa to 4%, records kept
sorry i didn't post yesterday, i forgot to
ReplyDeleteBetween 1920 and 1925, the organization helped diffuse a border dispute between Sweden and Finland, it helped prevent Austria from an economic collapse, also prevented the outbreak of a war in the Balkans, and had successfully begun the administration of the German Saar region. Despite these successes, however, the league had been forced to cope with some very serious handicaps that would ultimately lead it to it's demise. Seeking to preserve their national power, the organization's creators had deprived the league of any real ability to enforce decisions that were controversial and extraordinary. For example, when the league ruled that the city of Vilnius actually belonged to Lithuania, the Polish government simply refused to abide by the league's decision. Other more noticable violations soon followed, such as the French incursion into the Ruhr in 1923, but the league was powerless to punish France or compel a withdrawal. As a result, the league was a relatively weak organization from the outset, and its chances for success were made even worse when the United States had refused to participate as a full member in 1920.